Solar Water Heating is the process of heating water through solar energy. In the process the solar heat is captured by using black painted absorber plates. Water used as heat exchanger extracts this heat from the collector and subsequently hot water is stored in an insulated tank for various domestic or institutional uses.

The Solar Water Heating System programme is sponsored by Central and State Govt. various financial incentives and technical help is extended to promotes of these prpgrammes. Subsidy for installation & technical know-how is provided. Publicity is undertaken through demonstration and exhibition.

Salient Features:

Requires no conventional fuel or electricity for producing hot water

Economical, maintenance free and nonpolluting .

Provides hot water round the clock.

Solar Home Lighting System or Solar Photovoltaic Domestic Lighting System is a solar-powered fixed light system, which gives omni-directional and pure white light. It looks works on the principle of Solar Photovoltaic and while having no energy costs has the additional benefits over other SPV LightingSystems in illuminating 2 large rooms for at the very least 2 to 4 hours.

The Central Government provides a Subsidy in order to make this essential and useful device affordable for the needy and the deprived populace living in areas which are still to be electrified and/or are in inaccessible areas of the country.

Salient Features:

Renewable and Free Energy Source.

Repair and maintenance free.

Works without any recurring and expensive conventional energy sources.

The CFL Lamp of 9 W rating gives light output of a normal 6 W AC bulb.

The Home Lighting System also works on lightly cloudy days.

Lighting is an essential requirement of individual houses & community. Indoor & Outdoor lighting through Solar Photo Voltaic has effected the following types of systems.

Solar Lantern is a portable lighting device using Solar Photo-voltaic Power. Solar energy in the form of photons hit a doped semiconductor or a solar cell to generate electrical potentials at two ends of the cell. This effect is known as the Photo Electric generated by a series of solar cells or solar panel can be utilized for any applications which uses DC Electricity. Solar energy is available during the daytime and light is required normally at night thus a battery is associated for storage of the electric energy. A small battery with a light weight luminary makes it a portable model.

The solar lantern is provided with a financial subsidy from the Central and State Govt. This process provides illumination without ecological disturbances of any sort. Publicity through exhibition and demonstration are utilized to generate awareness of these modern and self sustained energy devices.

Salient Features:

No fuel required, thus economical, pollution free.

Stand alone operation. thus no supervision is required.

Maintenance free, thus cheap even on the long run.

The Gasifier produces an combustible gas through the process of thermo-chemical conversion of waste wood and other agro by-products. instead of direct combustion of carbon-rich waste, the process restricts the quantum of air, oxygen specifically to generate Producer Gas composing of Carbon MonoxideHydrogen as main combustible. The gas is used in dual fuel engines for power generation / water pumping. It is an appropriate method to utilize waste for running engines.

It is a centrally sponsored scheme with the Central and State Govts. subsidy.Awareness generation us undertaken through the process of demonstration and exhibition of the devices. It is an innovative process of producing local electricity for community/individual needs or for agricultural activities.

Salient Features: Appropriate utilization of agro waste thus cheap and efficient process. Wide range of applicability as in dual fuel engine thus a renewable and decentralized source of rural energy. Maintenance free and long lasting. Conservation of conventional fuels.

Fuel-wood is a major source of cooking fuel. The traditional wood cook stoves require a fuel efficient and improved design as a conservation measure. Thus improved models while conserving fuel also improve the hygienic condition of the cooking area as they emit less smoke. These models are basically portable and fixed designs. The Improved chullah give an efficiency in the range of 20 to 30%.

The Improved chullah programme is the 20 point National Programme and a centrally sponsored programme. It is implemented in Odisha through the DRDAs by certain reputed NGOs. Central Govt. provides various financial incentives like subsidy for construction, training programmes and means for employment generation in rural areas.

Salient Features:

Fuel conservation and reduction in deforestation.

Low emission of smoke and soot thus, more hygienic.

Generation of more heat thus reduction in cooking time.

Biogas is generated through the process of anaerobic degradation or Bio-methanation of organic wastes. It is a cheap, appropriate and eco-friendly fuel. The process of generation of biogas has the added benefit of a humus rich manure. The input generally used are cattle dung, leaves, straw, human excreta etc. In the present context it is produced in a Biogas plant and gobar being the common input material it is called a “Gobar Gas Plant”.The National Project on Biogas Development(NPBD) is implemented through OREDA functionaries by the DRDAs at the field level. The Central Govt. promotes the programme by providing various financial incentives like Subsidy for Construction, Turn Key Fees, Promotional Incentives, Training Programmes and Demonstration etc.

Salient Features:

Convenient cooking fuel and/or lighting process.

Improved hygiene in the kitchen and rural sanitation of the area.

Also applicable as a dual fuel in engine for power generation or water pumping.

Prevents deforestation & environment degradation.

Output slurry is a fertile, rich organic manure.